نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه معارف اسلامی، دانشکدۀ علوم پایه، دانشگاه صنعتی سهند تبریز، تبریز، ایران.
2 گروه معارف اسلامی، دانشکدۀ چند رسانهای، دانشگاه هنر اسلامی تبریز، تبریز، ایران.
3 گروه آموزش معارف اسلامی، دانشگاه فرهنگیان، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Abū Zayd is among the contemporary Arab reformers who exerted considerable effort to address the challenges facing the Muslim world today. The core of his response, however, relied on modern Western methods for understanding and interpreting the Qurʾān. The present article therefore undertakes to examine and critique his theory concerning the influence of the culture of the time on the understanding and interpretation (taʾwīl) of the Qurʾān. The method employed is content analysis, with a critical approach. According to the analysis conducted, the foundational principles (mabānī) of his theory are as follows: the necessity of distinguishing between religion and religious thought; the cultural‑geographical fabric of Qurʾānic meanings; the prophetic experience of revelation (waḥy); and the Qurʾān as expressive of the meaning of life, not as a law book. Moreover, the components of the theory include: the Qurʾān as living discourse rather than silent text; the need to consider the horizon outside the text; the necessity of distinguishing between the principal (aṣl) and the subsidiary (farʿ) in Qurʾānic addresses; the variability of Qurʾānic concepts; and the necessity of an open and living interpretation of the Qurʾān. However, the aforementioned principles and components are flawed for reasons such as: a mistaken understanding of religion and religious thought; the grounding of understanding and interpretation of the Qurʾān in the intent of God Almighty; the Qurʾān as divine revelation; the grounding of the meaning of life on the basis of life; the Qurʾān being simultaneously text and discourse; the incorrect determination of the principal and subsidiary in rulings (aḥkām); the non‑relativity of Qurʾānic rulings; and the failure to provide the effective cause (manāṭ) of rulings. Ultimately, it must be concluded that Abū Zayd regards understanding and interpretation of the Qurʾān as based on the culture of the time, whereas his view is incorrect according to Qurʾānic texts, ḥadīth‑based evidence, historical sources, and rational arguments.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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