نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار گروه معارف اسلامی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران.
2 دانشجوی دکتری رشته کلام اسلامی دانشگاه قم، قم، ایران (نویسنده مسؤول)
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
One of the most important and vital issues of human beings that affects their views and actions and obliges them to learn them is the issues related to the necessity of doctrinal maʿārif (Arabic: أُصُول الْدِّین, romanized: uṣūl al-dīn or the foundations of the religion or the roots of faith). The present study seeks the method of understanding doctrinal maʿārif by referring to the theological opinions of religions with an analytical method and critical descriptive data processing. Is man obliged to know ijtihād (Arabic: إجْتِهاد, independent reasoning by an expert in Islamic law) and search, or is his duty waived by taqlīd (Arabic: التَّقْلید, imitation or following a mujtahid)? There are at least three theories in this issue: 1. Inadequacy following a mujtahid; 2. Permissibility of taqlīd; 3. Theory of giving complete details about it: The first interpretation refers to the mukallaf (Arabic: مُکَلَّف, accountable people or subject to taklīf or accountability) and distinguishes the prepared (prone) person from the unprepared and considers the research to be related to the prepared people, and the second interpretation refers to the object of taklīf (Arabic: تَکْلیف), which means that if the object of legal and moral responsibility is tawḥīd, (Arabic: تَوْحِید, lit. oneness of God) and ʿadl (Arabic: عَدْل, justice), then the search (Arabic: اَلْتَّحْقیق, al-taḥqīq) is necessary, otherwise taqlīd (Arabic: التَّقْلید) is permissible. It seems that since the theory of giving complete and more details about this issue is without reason, it can be said with a correct explanation of the issue, that each of the search and imitation has a place and it is not the case that taḥqīq and ijtihād are possible for everyone, and it is also not the case that taqlīd is absolutely reprehensible, and in some cases, taqlīd is the prelude to taḥqīq and ijtihād.
کلیدواژهها [English]
قرآن کریم