نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری فلسفه و کلام اسلامی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس تهران، ایران
2 استاد گروه فلسفه و کلام اسلامی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس تهران، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
According to philosophical principles, causal necessity is required to prove that causality is applied in all matters, from the Most exalted Creator to the finest cases of the universe. Apparently, this rule is in conflict with some indisputable intellectual realities and intuitive knowledge, which has questioned the generality and sometimes correctness of this rule. Our intuitive knowledge of free will is one such case as opposed to causal necessity. This paper is to study the contradiction between the rule of necessity (an indisputable philosophical rule) and free will (a certain rational and scriptural rule) in logical-analytical method according to the principles of separatism (Tafkīk school of thought, which is contrary to the method and principles of philosophy). From the view point of separatists (Tafkīkies), the main factor for distinguishing connection of the general principle of causality with the concepts like necessity and free will is seeking the causality in the self. Referring to the self shows that, basically, there is no such implication between the causality and the necessity, and getting rid of this improper implication opens the way to solve the issue of free will. The school of Tafkīk while criticizing and presenting the adverse consequences of philosophers' account of power, confirmation of power's unique truth, confirmation of latitudinal relation between causes and providence, and regarding the free agent as determinant of act or omission; considers free will the key to solve the puzzle. Separatism, by accepting the exception in the causal necessity in particular negative manner, that is, in the case of voluntary actions, denies the possibility of Sadafah (accident. the assumption that an existence can begin without a cause), and believes that proving free will is impossible without this exception.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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