نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری کلام (فلسفه دین) گروه الهیات، دانشکده علوم انسانی دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.
2 عضو هیأت علمی گروه الهیات،دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.
3 گروه الهیات، دانشکده علوم انسانی ، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.
4 گروه الهیات، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Intercession (shafāʿa) is among the foundational doctrines in Islamic theology, the realization of which, according to explicit Qur’anic affirmation, is contingent upon divine approval. The verse, “And they do not intercede except for him with whom He is pleased” (al-Anbiyāʾ: 28), underscores this dependency. Nevertheless, the precise criterion of God’s pleasure is not clearly articulated in this verse nor in other related verses, giving rise to the core problem addressed in this study. Utilizing a descriptive-analytical method and a comparative approach, this article examines the perspectives of ʿAllāma Ṭabāṭabāʾī and Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī concerning the criterion of divine approval in the framework of intercession, with a focus on their exegetical works, al-Mīzān and Mafātīḥ al-Ghayb respectively.
The findings indicate that both scholars consider adherence to religion as the principal basis for divine pleasure. However, ʿAllāma Ṭabāṭabāʾī, in addition to faith, emphasizes the purification of the soul (ṭahārat al-nafs) as an essential condition, whereas Fakhr al-Rāzī, relying on prophetic traditions, highlights inner acknowledgment of divine unity (tawḥīd). Furthermore, both thinkers introduce complementary criteria such as righteous deeds, piety (taqwā), sincerity, migration (hijra), and striving (jihād). While ʿAllāma permits intercession for sinning believers among the aṣḥāb al-yamīn, Rāzī, based on Ashʿarite principles, deems it valid even for impious believers so long as faith remains in their hearts. Overall, ʿAllāma’s view is assessed as exhibiting greater coherence with divine justice and wisdom.
کلیدواژهها [English]